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國立屏東大學學報:人文社會類  2016/08 第一期 (Vol.1)     95-132

十二年國教政策形成研究：多元流程觀點   A Study on Policy Formation of 12-Year Basic Education: A Multiple Streams Perspective 鄭永志 JENG, YUNG-JYH

【中文摘要】 十二年國教的政策方向自1983年開始出現，1989年起教育部開始積極研議，期間經過至少20餘年的政策發展，但是到最近一次2011年馬總統宣布2014正式實施為止，民眾對於十二年國教的政策內容是從一開始一無所悉到正式實施前呈現充滿爭議，最後是以執政者意志主導之優勢強行上路。究竟歷經20餘年的十二年國教政策的形成與發展過程中出現甚麼問題？本研究主要採取歷史發展為研究途徑，使用內容分析法針對1983~2011年間十二年國教的政策發展過程與內容的歷史演變加以檢視分析，以Kingdon的多元流程模型為藍本所發展的研究架構，剖析十二年國教政策內容變遷之過程，找出歷經二十餘年的政策形成，最後實施過程卻仍招致民怨及爭議不斷的原因，以供政策制定者引以為戒。

【中文關鍵字】 十二年國教政策;政策窗;政策企業家

【英文摘要】 12-Year Basic Education Policy first appeared in 1983, and the Minister of Education started to deliberate it since 1989. After more than 20 years' movement, President Ma announced in 2011 that the policy would implement since 2014, although the general public did not clearly understand the policy content. Why was the policy still ambiguous after long time development? The study will adopt the historical approach to retrieve the policy development during 1983-2014. Kingdon's framework of problem streams, political streams, policy streams, policy windows, and policy entrepreneurs is carefully illustrated based on secondary data, research, and official documents. The government officials can learn from the results as the reference when planning public policy.

【英文關鍵字】12-Year Basic Education Policy;Policy Window;Policy Entrepreneur