國立屏東大學學報:教育類  2019/04
第三期 (Vol.3)     1-38
 
國小低年級弱勢兒童生活適應團體之輔導效果  
The Effect of Life Adjustment Group Counseling on The Disadvantage Children in Low Grade of Elementary School
許依婷
I-Ting Hsu
黃素雲
Su-Yun Huang
【中文摘要】
本研究旨在探討生活適應團體對國小低年級弱勢兒童之生活適應的輔導效果。本實驗採用準實驗前後測不等組設計，研究對象取自高雄市某國小低年級弱勢兒童，對6名實驗組成員進行定向輔導30分鐘及每次50分鐘的生活適應團體十二次，而6名控制組成員則於實驗期間未接受任何處理。研究期間以「國小低年級學童學校生活適應量表」為測驗工具，分別對實驗組和控制組進行前測、後測及追蹤測量。所得之資料再以Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney無母數統計方法進行統計分析，以考驗研究對象經實驗處遇後之立即及追蹤輔導效果。研究綜合量化資料及成員、成員家長、成員導師的回饋和訪談資料，進行實驗組輔導效果之分析。研究結果如下：
1. 團體輔導對實驗組成員的生活適應沒有立即輔導效果。
2. 兩週後的追蹤評量顯示，實驗組成員在「整體生活適應」、「家庭適應」具有追蹤輔導成效，但在「個人適應」、「學校適應」和「同儕適應」上無顯著成效。
3. 從成員、導師及家長的質化觀察、回饋資料顯示，生活適應團體輔導對成員具有正向輔導效果，成員對於團體有高的滿意度，且團體獲得成員的家長和導師的肯定，認為生活適應輔導團體對提升成員之生活適應有助益。
【中文關鍵字】 弱勢兒童、國小低年級、團體輔導、生活適應

【英文摘要】
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of life adjustment group guidance on the disadvantage lower-grade elementary children. The unequal pre-test and post-test experimental design was conducted in this research in which 12 disadvantage children in the lower elementary grades in Kaohsiung were selected as the sample. The participants were randomly divided into the experiment and control groups with 6 members in each group. The children of experimental group received 30-minute orientation and 12 sessions of group activities with one session lasting 50 minutes each week. The control group didn’t receive any treatment.
The Life Adjustment Scale for the disadvantage lower-grade elementary children was used in pretest, posttest and follow-up to measure life adjustment of children. The obtained data were analyzed with nonparametric statistics in the rank-based Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon. In addition, a thorough analysis of collected data including group process records, interviews, and the feedback from children’s teacher and parents was then conducted so as to further investigate into the effectiveness of the application of Life Adjustment Group Guidance. Results were summarized as follow:
1. The experiment group had no immediate effect on Life Adjustment.
2. On the two-week follow-up for experimental children, there were significant effects on the Overall Life Adjustment and Family Adjustment, whereas no significant effect was found on the Individual Adjustment, School Adjustment, and Peer Adjustment.
3. According to feedback from the experimental group members, a full review of recorded video, and teacher and parent’s interview and feedback data, life-adjustment group guidance had positive effects on the experimental members. The members were satisfied with group activities and their teacher and parents reported that life-adjustment group guidance definitely had a positive effect on children.
【英文關鍵字】disadvantage children, the lower elementary grades, group guidance, life adjustment